Are you thinking of adding an electric vehicle (EV) charger to your residence or looking to add EV charging stations to your company's parking lot? If so, consider that the initial cost of an EV charger installation is only one aspect of the process. Maintenance of these chargers also plays a pivotal role in budgeting.
While there is no standard formula to gauge maintenance costs, these expenses can differ based on the charger's location, usage frequency, charging level, and networking capabilities.
This guide will address frequent queries about EV charger upkeep. Dive into the nuances of EV charging stations and discern how maintenance varies among different charger types.
Electric vehicle charger lifespan
Electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) is new, resulting in limited data on longevity and average maintenance costs.
We do know that a charger's typical life expectancy is around a decade, with the environment as the primary reason behind charger wear and tear—especially during hot, humid summers. Regular maintenance can be your best defense against premature degradation.
According to the U.S. Department of Energy's Clean Cities Coalition, Level 1 and 2 charging stations require minimal upkeep. Following the advised maintenance routine can help enhance the charger's durability.
Maintenance recommendations
Level 1 and Level 2 chargers:
- Periodically swap out the commercial-grade electrical socket.
- Regularly assess all visible EVSE components for signs of wear.
- Use a damp cloth paired with mild soap for cleaning.
- Before any servicing, ensure the unit is powered down.
Frequency of EV charging station maintenance
While the actual costs can be variable, experts suggest setting aside approximately $400 per charger annually for maintenance. An increasing number of EV charger platforms offer comprehensive annual maintenance packages.
Level 1, non-networked chargers
The routine upkeep for these personal-use chargers, commonly found in residences, is minimal. The U.S. Department of Energy suggests periodic replacement of the charger's outlet, which typically costs around $100.
Level 2, non-networked chargers
Level 2 chargers, prevalent in homes and public areas, can be more susceptible to component failures due to their intricacy. Publicly accessible chargers might need extra attention because of frequent usage. Shielding them from harsh environmental conditions can be crucial. Regular cleaning and inspection can also ensure they remain in optimal condition.
Networked chargers
Integrated into a more extensive charger infrastructure system, networked charging stations have advanced features like touchscreens and payment processing. As a result, they may demand more frequent and specialized maintenance. Although an electrician can address many issues, it’s best to ensure they are well-versed in EV charger maintenance. Periodic system checks and manual resets may also be necessary.
Signs your EV charger needs attention
- Visible damage: Chargers, especially those in public areas, can be prone to external damage due to environmental factors or vandalism. Such issues compromise the charger's functionality.
- Voltage discrepancies: A deviation from the expected voltage output for your charger could indicate the need for repairs.
- Slower charging times: If the charger takes longer than expected to power up EVs, it might signal an underlying issue.
- Routine maintenance: Even if no obvious signs of wear are apparent, it would be beneficial to keep a regular maintenance schedule. Always align with the manufacturer's maintenance guidelines.
Networked vs. non-networked chargers
Basic non-networked chargers lack internet connectivity and cannot capture data, troubleshoot remotely, or facilitate user fees. In contrast, networked chargers benefit from remote management tools as they are integrated into a comprehensive system. The enhanced capabilities of networked chargers, coupled with the additional components they house, can lead to increased and potentially more specialized maintenance needs.
Understanding EV charging levels
Level 1 chargers
Level 1 chargers operate at 120 volts (V) and deliver a slow charge, adding about 4 miles per hour of charging. They are the go-to for users who do not charge their EVs daily or who do not travel long distances and only need to drive 30 miles or less each day.
Level 2 chargers
Level 2 chargers operate between 208 V and 240 V and can power up a typical EV in four to ten hours. They can be found in private and public settings, and the charging duration can vary based on the EV and the charger itself.
Level 3 chargers
Level 3 chargers provide the maximum power output at 350 kW. Unlike Level 1 and Level 2, Level 3 charging uses direct current (DC). They can charge an EV battery to 80% in 20 to 40 minutes and 100% in 60 to 90 minutes. Because of their cost, these chargers are unlikely to be found outside of a public charging station.
Resources for EV owners
If you are considering other charger options, delve deeper into the distinctions between Level 2 chargers and others in our archive.
Prominent EV charger brands like Enphase offer holistic solutions that cater to diverse personal and commercial needs. Our tool suite, including the EV Charger Selector Tool and EV Charger Installer Database, can be invaluable.
For on-the-go charging, apps like PlugShare, EVHotels, and Open Charge Map can guide you to the nearest charging stations with community insights and global coverage.
Final thoughts
While choices abound, each with unique pricing and charging times, consistent maintenance is universally beneficial. Dive into your EV charger manual and consult the manufacturer for tailored maintenance advice. Lastly, stay proactive with upkeep to ensure that you will get the maximum utility, benefits, and savings from your EV charging station.
